Table 2.
Chephalometric dental parameters of the groups and corresponding changes ( n = 17 per group)
| Parameter | Group | Time point | Changes | ES coefficient | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | ||||
| Molar relationship (mm) | Treated | −1.3 ± 1.7 | 0.9 ± 1.5* | 2.2 ± 2.2 | 1.0 (0.3-1.7) |
| Control | −1.8 ± 1.7 | −1.4 ± 1.7 | 0.4 ± 1.1 | ||
| Difference | NS | p < 0.001 | p < 0.01 | p < 0.01 | |
| U1/FH angle (°) | Treated | 116.6 ± 5.7 | 112.8 ± 5.9* | −3.8 ± 3.7 | 1.1 (0.4-1.8) |
| Control | 113.0 ± 9.3 | 114.6 ± 8.2 | 1.5 ± 5.3 | ||
| Difference | NS | NS | p < 0.01 | p < 0.01 | |
| L1/Mandibular plane angle (°) | Treated | 98.5 ± 5.7 | 101.8 ± 5.1* | 3.3 ± 3.5 | 0.7 (0.0-1.3) |
| Control | 95.4 ± 5.7 | 95.9 ± 4.8 | 0.5 ± 4.8 | ||
| Difference | NS | p < 0.001 | NS | p < 0.05 | |
| Overjet (mm) | Treated | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4** | −3.1 ± 1.3 | 2.1 (1.3-2.9) |
| Control | 7.5 ± 2.1 | 7.3 ± 2.4 | −0.2 ± 1.4 | ||
| Difference | NS | p < 0.05 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.01 | |
| Overbite (mm) | Treated | 2.8 ± 1.6 | 3.7 ± 1.5 | 0.9 ± 2.1 | 0.2 (−0.5-0.8) |
| Control | 3.6 ± 1.9 | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 0.6 ± 1.4 | ||
| Difference | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or mean (95% confidence interval). For the ES coefficient, the null hypothesis is to be equal to zero. NS, difference not statistically significant. Significant difference with the corresponding baseline value: *p < 0.01, **p < 0.001.