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Possible molecular mechanism for suppression of insulin biosynthesis in type 2 diabetes. Under diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress and thereby leads to suppression of insulin biosynthesis and secretion, which is accompanied by reduction of nuclear PDX-1 and MafA expression. Therefore, it is likely that induction of oxidative stress and suppression of nuclear PDX-1 and MafA expression are involved in β-cell glucose toxicity found in type 2 diabetes.
