TABLE 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics in 180 women with community-onset complicated nonobstructive acute pyelonephritis due to Enterobacteriaceae, by treatment regimen after propensity score matching
| Characteristica | Patients treated with: |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cefuroxime (n = 90) | Cefotaxime (n = 90) | ||
| Age (median [1st quartile–3rd quartile]) (yr) | 71.5 (63.5–78.0) | 72.0 (63.0–77.3) | 0.881b |
| Clinical features | |||
| Body temp (median [IQR]) (°C) | 38.8 (38.3–39.4) | 38.6 (38.3–39.4) | 0.612b |
| Body temp ≥39.0°C | 38 (42.2) | 34 (37.8) | 0.543c |
| Costovertebral angle tenderness | 58 (64.4) | 62 (68.9) | 0.527c |
| Lower urinary tract infection symptoms | 53 (58.9) | 54 (60.0) | 0.879c |
| Nausea or vomiting | 37 (41.1) | 39 (43.3) | 0.763c |
| Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urine or blood | |||
| E. coli | 83 (92.2) | 83 (92.2) | |
| K. pneumoniae | 6 (6.7) | 5 (5.6) | |
| E. aerogenes | 0 | 2 (2.2) | |
| P. mirabilis | 1 (1.1) | 0 | |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| Bacteremia | 44 (48.9) | 46 (51.1) | 0.766c |
| C-reactive protein level (median [IQR]) (mg/dl) | 12.6 (6.0–20.3) | 11.9 (5.6–19.8) | 0.936b |
| C-reactive protein level ≥15 mg/dl | 35 (38.9) | 35 (38.9) | >0.999c |
| Enterobacteriaceae resistant to cefazolin or cephradine | 22 (24.4) | 23 (25.6) | 0.863c |
| Enterobacteriaceae resistant to cefotaxime | 8 (8.9) | 9 (10.0) | 0.799c |
| Enterobacteriaceae resistant to fluoroquinolones | 20 (22.2) | 16 (17.8) | 0.456c |
| Extended-spectrum β-lactamase+ Enterobacteriaceae | 9 (10.0) | 10 (11.1) | 0.808c |
| Hematuria | 64 (71.1) | 61 (67.8) | 0.627c |
| White blood cell count (median [IQR]) (/mm3) | 11,830 (9,153–14,960) | 12,620 (9,093–14,858) | 0.793c |
| White blood cell count ≥15,000/mm3 of blood | 22 (24.4) | 22 (24.4) | >0.999c |
| Past history | |||
| Antibiotic use within 1 yr | 14/81 (17.3)d | 14/79 (17.7)d | 0.942c |
| Previous urinary tract infection history | 9/79 (11.4)d | 9/77 (11.7)d | 0.954c |
| Prior history of hospitalization within 1 yr | 11/80 (13.8)d | 13/79 (16.5)d | 0.634c |
| Underlying diseases | |||
| Cerebrovascular disorder | 4 (4.4) | 6 (6.7) | 0.747c |
| Chronic kidney disease | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | >0.999c |
| Chronic liver disease | 4 (4.4) | 5 (5.6) | >0.999c |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4 (4.4) | 3 (3.3) | 0.722c |
| Congestive heart failure | 2 (2.2) | 5 (5.6) | 0.444c |
| Connective tissue disorder | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | >0.999c |
| Diabetes mellitus | 42 (46.7) | 41 (45.6) | 0.881c |
| Hypertension | 30 (33.3) | 35 (38.9) | 0.438c |
| Malignancy | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | >0.999c |
| Neurogenic bladder | 4 (4.4) | 4 (4.4) | >0.999c |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 0 | 0 | |
| Urolithiasis | 3 (3.3) | 4 (4.4) | 0.722c |
| Vesicoureteral reflux | 1 (1.1) | 0 | >0.999c |
a
Unless otherwise indicated, the data are shown as the number (%) of patients.
b
Mann-Whitney U test.
c
Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.
d
Denominators are the number of patients whose data were available in each group.