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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2014 Oct 22;16(1):31–41. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.10.005

Table 1.

Participant Characteristics

Variable Child
Sample
(N = 281)		 Adolescent
Sample
(N = 462)
Child age (y), mean (SD) 9.72 (1.21) 14.60 (1.64)
Child gender
  Male 111 (39.5%) 164 (35.5%)
  Female 170 (60.5%) 298 (64.5%)
Child race
  White 261 (92.9%) 418 (90.5%)
  Black 6 (2.1%) 16 (3.5%)
  Asian 4 (1.4%) 5 (1.1%)
  Other (eg, Alaskan Native, Pacific Islander, Biracial) 6 (2.1%) 21 (4.5%)
  Not reported 4 (1.4%) 2 (.4%)
Caregiver role
  Mother 265 (94.3%) 424 (91.8%)
  Father 14 (5.0%) 34 (7.4%)
  Grandparent 2 (.7%) 4 (.9%)
Site
  Seattle Children’s Hospital 12 (4.3%) 138 (29.9%)
  University of Washington, Mary Bridge Children’s Hospital, Goryeb Children’s Hospital/ Atlantic Health System 146 (52.0%) 229 (49.6%)
  Vanderbilt University 123 (43.8%) 95 (20.6%)
Pain group
  Inflammatory bowel disease 40 (14.2%) 145 (31.4%)
  Chronic pain 241 (85.8%) 317 (68.6%)

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

NOTE. Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.