Table 2. Suggested Approach to Antifungal Prophylaxis for Organ Transplant Recipients [33].

Transplant organ	Targeted pathogen	High-risk characteristics	Agent	Duration
Liver	Aspergillus	Poor allograft function; fulminant hepatic failure pretransplantation; reexploration or retransplantation; hemodialysis; isolation of aspergillus from any site	Lipid AmB	1 - 4 weeks
Liver	Candida	Repeated operation; higher intraoperative transfusion requirements; longer operation time; renal failure; ICU stay	Fluconazole alternative: echinocandin or lipid AmB	1 - 4 weeks
Lung	Aspergillus	Airway specimen cultures positive for aspergillus, particularly for patients with rejection or poor graft function; increased immunosuppression	Itraconazole or voriconazole or lipid-AmB A (full dose I/V) ± nebulized AmB	Depends on CT findings and clearance of sputum cultures, appearance of tracheal anastomosis. 1 to 6 months
Pancreas	Candida	All procedures (risk increased with enteric drainage, anastomotic leak, pancreas transplantation after kidney transplantation, pancreatitis)	Fluconazole alternative: echinocandin or lipid AmB	4 weeks
Bowel	Candida	All procedures (risk increased with peritonitis or leaks, reexploration, renal failure, ischemia, CMV infection, parenteral nutrition)	Fluconazole alternative: echinocandin or lipid AmB	2 - 4 weeks