Table 4. Association between maternal and children’s log-transformed urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations (μg/g creatinine) and log-transformed total serum immunoglobulin E levels (IU/ml) in 8-year-old children.
| Phthalate metabolite | Allergic children a | Non-allergic children | All children |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Urinary metabolites during the 3 rd trimester | |||
| n = 72 | n = 58 | n = 130 | |
| MEHP | 0.50 (0.02) * | 0.24 (0.26) | 0.38 (0.16) |
| ΣDEHP | 0.20 (0.32) | 0.12 (0.51) | 0.03 (0.89) |
| MBzP | 0.20 (0.94) | 0.22 (0.39) | 0.39 (0.03) * |
| MEP | 0.11 (0.55) | 0.43 (0.09) | 0.10 (0.58) |
| MBP | 0.20 (0.34) | 0.23 (0.20) | 0.06 (0.72) |
| B. Urinary metabolites at 2 years | |||
| n = 56 | n = 36 | n = 92 | |
| MEHP | 0.07 (0.77) | 0.36 (0.18) | 0.08 (0.66) |
| ΣDEHP | 0.28 (0.36) | 0.23 (0.36) | 0.01 (097) |
| MBzP | 0.40 (0.02) * | 0.16 (0.32) | 0.20 (0.11) |
| MEP | −0.29 (0.15) | −0.20 (0.29) | −0.23 (0.10) |
| MBP | −0.27 (0.37) | 0.21 (0.41) | 0.04 (0.85) |
| C. Urinary metabolites at 5 years | |||
| n = 63 | n = 40 | n = 103 | |
| MEHP | 0.36 (0.04) * | −0.22 (0.20) | 0.10 (0.43) |
| ΣDEHP | 0.29 (0.16) | −0.14 (0.53) | 0.14 (0.35) |
| MBzP | −0.03 (0.90) | 0.09 (0.65) | 0.03 (0.85) |
| MEP | −0.14 (0.43) | 0.18 (0.30) | 0.01 (0.97) |
| MBP | 0.21 (0.29) | 0.18 (0.51) | 0.22 (0.17) |
Data are presented as unstandardized regression coefficient (B) and p-value.
Associations were adjusted for gender and parental allergies.
MEHP: mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; ΣDEHP: sum of metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; MBzP: mono-benzyl phthalate; MEP: mono-ethyl phthalate; MBP: mono-butyl-phthalate.
aAllergic children included children with asthma, dermatitis, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.
*Indicates a significant (p <0.05) association, estimated using linear regression, between log-transformed phthalate metabolite concentrations and log-transformed serum immunoglobulin E concentrations.