Table 1.

Comparison of Interventions Targeting Mental Health Self-Stigma

Treatment Approach/Authors	Format	Peer or Professionally Run?	Languages	# of Sessions	Primary Mechanisms of Action	State of Data on Efficacy
Healthy Self-Concept McCay et al. (2006; 2007)	Group	Professional	English	12	Psychoeducation, Support, Emphasis on Positive Attributes	Significant impact on self-stigma, hope and self-esteem from medium RCT
Self-Stigma Reduction Program Fung et al. (2011)	Group and Individual	Professional	MandarinChinese	12 Group, 4 Individual	Psychoeducation, Cognitive Restructuring, Motivational Interview, Social Skills Training	Significant impact on self-esteem and treatment participation from small RCT
Ending Self-Stigma (ESS) Lucksted et al, (2011)	Group	Either	English	9	Psychoeducation, Cognitive Restructuring	Significant impact on self-stigma, recovery, perceived social support and self-esteem from uncontrolled pilot; Large RCT in progress
Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy (NECT) Yanos, Roe &Lysaker, (2011) Yanos et al., (2012) Roe et al. (2010; 2014)	Group	Professional	English; Hebrew; Russion; Swedish	20	Psycho-education, Cognitive Restructuring, Narrative Enhancement	Significant impact on self-stigma, hope, self-esteem and subjective quality of life from quasi-experimental study; non-significant impact from small RCT; Large RCT in progress
Coming Out Proud Corrigan et al. (2013); Rusch et al. (In Press)	Group	Peer	English, German	3	Discussion of pros and cons of disclosure; Telling one’s story	Significant impact on stigma stress, secrecy and disclosure stress from medium RCT
Anti-Stigma Photovoice Intervention Russinova et al. (2014)	Group	Peer	English	10	Psycho-education; Taking and sharing of photographs; writing narrative relating to photographs	Significant impact on self-stigma, coping with societal stigma, greater increase in a sense of community activism, and perceived recovery and growth from medium RCT