Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with and without diabetes sub-divided into BMI groups (N=4054)
| Diabetes (n=1190) | No Diabetes (n=2864) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal weight | Overweight | Obesity | Normal weight | Overweight | Obesity | |||
| BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 | BMI 25-29.9 kg/m 2 | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 | BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 | BMI 25-29.9 kg/m 2 | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 | |||
| (n=226) | (n=516) | (n=448) | p-value | (n=848) | (n=1411) | (n=605) | p-value | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||||||
| Female | 65 (28.76) | 103 (19.96) | 169 (37.72) | <0.0001 | 247 (29.13) | 226 (16.02) | 157 (25.95) | <0.0001 |
| Age [years], mean ± SD | 63.81 ± 8.79 | 62.86 ± 8.47 | 61.96 ± 8.65 | 0.0262a | 59.55 ± 10.00 | 59.56 ± 9.72 | 58.98 ± 10.06 | 0.4460a |
| Marriedb | 169 (77.17) | 390 (77.84) | 318 (71.78) | 0.0778 | 602 (72.36) | 1084 (77.54) | 465 (78.15) | 0.0091 |
| Living aloneb | 36 (16.44) | 80 (15.97) | 99 (22.35) | 0.0287 | 164 (19.71) | 212 (15.16) | 86 (14.45) | 0.0072 |
| School education > 9 yearsc | 54 (25.84) | 92 (19.49) | 90 (20.98) | 0.1722 | 242 (30.67) | 405 (30.82) | 133 (23.29) | 0.0023 |
| Risk factors and co-morbidities | ||||||||
| Angina pectorisd | 52 (23.11) | 120 (23.35) | 117 (26.29) | 0.5028 | 142 (16.78) | 241 (17.10) | 124 (20.53) | 0.1261 |
| Hypertension | 183 (80.97) | 448 (86.82) | 40.5 (90.40) | 0.0026 | 534 (62.97) | 1035 (73.35) | 521 (86.12) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 145 (64.16) | 382 (74.03) | 362 (80.80) | <0.0001 | 550 (64.86) | 1029 (72.93) | 455 (75.21) | <0.0001 |
| Stroke | 27 (11.95) | 51 (9.88) | 34 (7.59) | 0.1667 | 43 (5.07) | 70 (4.96) | 33 (5.45) | 0.8981 |
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 70 (30.97) | 144 (27.91) | 116 (25.89) | 0.6129 | 403 (47.52) | 533 (37.77) | 211 (34.88) | <0.0001 |
| Ex-smoker | 77 (34.07) | 199 (38.57) | 174 (38.84) | 200 (23.58) | 470 (33.31) | 208 (34.38) | ||
| Never smoker | 79 (34.96) | 173 (33.53) | 158 (35.27) | 245 (28.89) | 408 (28.92) | 186 (30.74) | ||
| Clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| Re-infarction during hospitalization | 30 (13.27) | 83 (16.09) | 74 (16.52) | 0.5252 | 89 (10.28) | 145 (10.04) | 59 (9.75) | 0.8964 |
| AMI typee | ||||||||
| ST-segment elevation MI | 81 (36.65) | 198 (38.98) | 155 (35.07) | 0.1190 | 360 (43.37) | 531 (38.23) | 227 (38.09) | 0.1329 |
| Non-ST-segment elevation MI | 118 (53.39) | 285 (56.10) | 256 (57.92) | 434 (52.29) | 783 (56.37) | 339 (56.88) | ||
| Bundle branch block | 22 (9.95) | 25 (4.92) | 31 (7.01) | 36 (4.34) | 75 (5.40) | 30 (5.03) | ||
| Left ventricular ejection fraction < 30%f | 35 (21.88) | 46 (12.74) | 29 (9.93) | 0.0015 | 72 (12.16) | 133 (13.34) | 33 (7.82) | 0.0126 |
| Diabetes treatment g | ||||||||
| Oral antidiabetic agents | 72 (57.60) | 182 (63.64) | 143 (52.77) | 0.0044 | ||||
| Insulin therapy | 40 (32.00) | 78 (27.27) | 76 (28.04) | |||||
| Both antidiabetic agents and insulin therapy | 13 (10.40) | 26 (9.09) | 52 (19.19) | |||||
| Long-term mortality | 66 (29.20) | 111 (21.51) | 96 (21.43) | 0.0453 | 135 (15.92) | 170 (12.05) | 61 (10.08) | 0.0023 |
BMI=Body Mass Index, SD=Standard deviation, MI=Myocardial Infarction, AMI=Acute Myocardial Infarction, ACEIs=Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARBs=Angiotensin receptor blockers.
Data are presented as absolute numbers of patients with percentages in brackets, unless stated otherwise.
Chi2-Tests were performed to obtain p-values, unless stated otherwise.
ap-value was obtained by performing a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance).
bn=3988.
cn=3784.
dn=4043.
en=3986.
fn=2388.
gn (patients with diabetes)=682.