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The inflammatory cytokines in the plasma of rats were checked for IL-6 (A) and TNF-α (B). Both surgeries and compounds increased the plasma level of IL-6 and TNF-α. However, no obvious difference between group A and group B in IL-6 and TNF-α levels was observed. Meanwhile, more inflammatory cytokines were observed in group D than in group E. (*P < 0.05 data are represented as the mean ± SEM).
