Table 3.
Multilevel estimates for quality of life in older ages for men: regression coefficients (b) and standard errors (SE) (N = 4808).
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
Model 4 |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Empty Model | b | (SE) | b | (SE) | b | (SE) | b | (SE) | ||
| Fixed parameters | |||||||||||
| Age | 1.49*** | (0.24) | 1.28*** | (0.24) | 1.33*** | (0.24) | 0.87*** | (0.22) | |||
| Age square | −0.01*** | (0.00) | −0.01*** | (0.00) | −0.01*** | (0.00) | −0.01*** | (0.00) | |||
| Partner | At 30 and 50 | – | – | – | – | ||||||
| At 30 but not 50 | −0.73 | (0.49) | −0.53 | (0.49) | −0.61 | (0.49) | −0.57 | (0.46) | |||
| Not at 30 but 50 | −0.14 | (0.24) | −0.11 | (0.24) | −0.14 | (0.24) | −0.07 | (0.23) | |||
| Not at 30 and 50 | −0.99** | (0.36) | −0.87* | (0.36) | −0.90* | (0.36) | −0.89** | (0.34) | |||
| Childhood circumstances | Most advantaged (ref.) | – | – | – | |||||||
| Advantaged | −0.21 | (0.42) | −0.12 | (0.41) | −0.10 | (0.39) | |||||
| Neutral | −0.57 | (0.39) | −0.37 | (0.39) | −0.29 | (0.37) | |||||
| Disadvantaged | −1.28** | (0.40) | −0.97* | (0.40) | −0.48 | (0.39) | |||||
| Most disadvantaged | −1.89*** | (0.42) | −1.52*** | (0.42) | −0.89* | (0.41) | |||||
| Labour market disadvantage | None (ref.) | – | – | – | |||||||
| Mild | −1.04*** | (0.20) | −0.77*** | (0.21) | −0.22 | (0.21) | |||||
| Moderate | −1.32*** | (0.27) | −1.04*** | (0.27) | −0.58* | (0.26) | |||||
| Severe | −2.59*** | (0.44) | −2.30*** | (0.45) | −1.63*** | (0.43) | |||||
| Functional limitations | Not limited | – | |||||||||
| Limited | −3.76*** | (0.15) | |||||||||
| Education | Low | ||||||||||
| Medium | 1.07*** | (0.19) | |||||||||
| High | 1.08*** | (0.25) | |||||||||
| Random parameters | |||||||||||
| Level 1: within country | 5.55*** | (0.06) | 5.49*** | (0.06) | 5.49*** | (0.06) | 5.47*** | (0.06) | 5.14*** | (0.05) | |
| Level 2: between country | 2.42*** | (0.48) | 2.16*** | (0.43) | 2.34*** | (0.47) | 2.16*** | (0.43) | 2.10*** | (0.42) | |
| Statistics | |||||||||||
 (level 1) |
.020 | .021 | .027 | .141 | |||||||
 (level 2) |
.201 | .062 | .201 | .247 | |||||||
| Log likelihood | −15,085.98 | −15,036.44 | −15,035.61 | −15,019.49 | −14,719.39 | ||||||
| AIC | 30,177.97 | 30,096.88 | 30,093.22 | 30,068.99 | 29,474.78 | ||||||
| BIC | 30,197.40 | 30,174.62 | 30,164.48 | 30,166.16 | 29,591.38 | ||||||
Note: The ICC of the empty model is 0.16. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.