Table 1.
HA binding ability of immune cells.
| Cell type | Stimulation | Type of HA binding | HA receptor | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monocyte (human) | TNFα, LPS, IL-1, IFN-γ | Inducible | CD44 | (59–61) |
| Alveolar macrophages (human, rodents) | None | Constitutive | CD44 | (17, 46 –48, 50) |
| Peritoneal macrophage (mouse) | LPS with IFNγ, or IL-4 | Inducible | CD44 | (62) |
| Bone marrow-derived macrophages (mouse) | LPS with IFNγ, TNFα, or IL-4 | Inducible | CD44 | (62) |
| Monocyte-derived DC (human) | CD40L expressing fibroblasts | Inducible | CD44 | (63) |
| B cells (human, mouse) | PMA, IL-5, LPS | Inducible, a subset binds | CD44 | (64 –67) |
| T cells (mouse) | PMA/ionomycin, CD3 antibodies, specific antigen, or superantigen | Inducible, often a subset binds | CD44 | (54, 55, 68) |
| CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells (human and mouse) | CD3 +/− CD28 activation | Inducible, a subset binds | CD44 | (69, 70) |
| Neutrophil (mouse) | LPS induced liver inflammation in vivo | Binding to SHAP modified HA | CD44, not RHAMM | (71) |
| NK cells (mouse) | IL-2, IL-15 | Inducible, a subset binds | CD44 | (72) |
| Platelets (mouse) | None | Constitutive | CD44 | (73) |