Figure 5. IDEN PGE₂ induces an anergic-like state in NKT cells.

(A) Levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in supernatants from sorted liver NKT cells cultured with BMDCs in the presence of IDENs or total lipids isolated from IDENs for 3 h and then stimulated by α-GalCer (100ng/mL) for 24 h. (B) ELISA analysis of PGE₂ levels in IDENs from naïve or indomethacin-treated C57BL/6 mice. (C) Levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in supernatants of sorted liver NKT cells cultured with BMDCs in the presence of IDENs isolated from naïve C57BL/6 mice or indomethacin-treated mice for 3 h, and then stimulated by α-GalCer (100ng/mL) for 24 h. (D–F) Exacerbation of liver injury by indomethacin in mice treated with Con A. C57BL/6 mice (n=5) were administered indomethacin (4mg/kg/day) orally in the drinking water for one week. Con A was administered intravenously at 37.5 mg/kg of body weight. (D) Effects of indomethacin pretreatment on survival in mice treated with Con A. Survival curves are depicted as time after Con A injection. (E) H&E-stained sections of livers from Con A-injected mice pretreated with PBS or indomethacin, original magnification ×20. (F) Levels of IFN-γ and ALT were assessed in serum at different time points in Con A-injected mice pretreated by PBS (PBS-Con A) or indomethacin (indomethacin-Con A). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 (one-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test). Data (A–C, D, F) are the mean ±SEM of 3 experiments (n=7). (E) is representative of at least three independent experiments (n=7) (E).