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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 13;6:6791. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7791

Figure 3. Metabolite pathways observed in association with human longevity.

Figure 3

Aggregate results of the current study suggest that higher circulating levels of certain citric acid cycle intermediates (isocitrate, aconitate, and malate) are associated with shortened lifespan by modulating cardiovascular risk, whereas increased taurocholate is related to shorter lifespan independent of any concurrent associations with major morbid disease (a). Metabolomic pathway topology analysis highlights the potential importance of distinct pathways that comprise the human metabolome that are represented by metabolites associated with longevity in the current study (b).