Table 4. Metabolites Associated with Incident Cardiovascular Disease (Second Stage Sample: N=2327).
| Profiling Method |
Metabolite* | Age- and Sex-Adjusted | Multivariable-Adjusted† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Polar, positively charged |
cotinine | 1.20 (1.08-1.32) | 0.0004 | 1.14 (0.95-1.36) | 0.16 |
| histidine | 0.87 (0.80-0.96) | 0.005 | 0.88 (0.80-0.97) | 0.01 | |
| lysine | 0.97 (0.88-1.07) | 0.55 | 0.95 (0.85-1.05) | 0.31 | |
| threonine | 0.91 (0.82-1.01) | 0.07 | 0.94 (0.85-1.04) | 0.20 | |
|
| |||||
| Polar, negatively charged |
aconitate | 1.18 (1.05-1.33) | 0.005 | 1.10 (0.97-1.24) | 0.14 |
| beta-hydroxybutyrate | 1.10 (0.99-1.23) | 0.07 | 1.10 (0.98-1.23) | 0.10 | |
| isocitrate | 1.35 (1.20-1.52) | 3.0E-07 | 1.22 (1.08-1.38) | 0.002 | |
| malate | 1.18 (1.05-1.32) | 0.004 | 1.16 (1.04-1.30) | 0.009 | |
| taurocholate | 1.06 (0.93-1.20) | 0.40 | 1.03 (0.90-1.17) | 0.69 | |
| uridine | 0.89 (0.80-0.995) | 0.04 | 0.93 (0.83-1.04) | 0.22 | |
|
| |||||
| Lipid | LPC22:6 | 0.92 (0.82-1.02) | 0.09 | 0.96 (0.87-1.07) | 0.50 |
| PC38:6 | 0.93 (0.83-1.04) | 0.18 | 0.95 (0.84-1.06) | 0.34 | |
No. events per persons at risk was 358/2327 for the sample with polar positive analyte data, 326/1937 for the sample with polar negative analyte data, and 326/1944 for the sample with lipid data.
LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; PC, phosphatidylcholine.
*
Metabolites were natural log transformed and standardized (mean=0, sd=1).
†
All analyses adjusted for age and sex; multivariable-adjusted models additionally adjusted for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive treatment, diabetes, smoking status, and total/HDL cholesterol.