Table 3.
Impact of Complete Recanalization on Favorable Outcome, 90-day Mortality, Hemorrhagic Transformation, in Overall and According to DWI Lesion Volume Subgroups
| Favorable Outcome | 90-Day Mortality | Hemorrhagic Transformation | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TIMI 0–2 | TIMI 3 | P Value | TIMI 0–2 | TIMI 3 | P Value | TIMI 0–2 | TIMI 3 | P Value | |
| Overall (n=139) | 20 (27.0) | 46 (71.9) | <0.001 | 29 (39.2) | 7 (10.9) | <0.001 | 23 (31.1) | 8 (12.3) | 0.008 |
| DWI lesion volume, tertiles | |||||||||
| <8 cc (n=46) | 10 (52.6) | 19 (73.1) | 0.16 | 3 (15.8) | 4 (15.4) | 1.00 | 3 (15.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.06 |
| 8–32 cc (n=47) | 6 (24.0) | 17 (77.3) | <0.001 | 10 (40.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 | 6 (24.0) | 4 (18.2) | 0.73 |
| >32 cc (n=46) | 4 (13.3) | 10 (62.5) | 0.002 | 16 (53.3) | 3 (18.8) | 0.023 | 14 (46.7) | 4 (25.0) | 0.15 |
| MRA–DWI mismatch status | |||||||||
| Yes (n=82)* | 15 (37.5) | 29 (70.7) | 0.003 | 10 (25.0) | 4 (9.8) | 0.08 | 7 (17.5) | 4 (9.5) | 0.29 |
| No (n=57) | 5 (14.7) | 17 (73.9) | <0.001 | 19 (55.9) | 3 (13.0) | 0.002 | 16 (47.1) | 4 (17.4) | 0.021 |
| NIHSS–DWI mismatch criteria | |||||||||
| NIHSS ≥8 and volume ≤25 cc (n=70) | 13 (36.1) | 22 (66.7) | 0.011 | 9 (25.0) | 3 (9.1) | 0.11 | 8 (22.2) | 4 (11.8) | 0.25 |
| NIHSS ≥8 and volume >25 cc (n=51) | 4 (12.5) | 13 (68.4) | <0.001 | 18 (56.3) | 3 (15.8) | 0.005 | 15 (46.9) | 4 (21.1) | 0.07 |
| NIHSS <8 (n=18) | 3 (50.0) | 11 (91.7) | 0.083 | 2 (33.3) | 1 (8.3) | 0.25 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
| Very large DWI lesion group | |||||||||
| Volume ≤70 cc (n=120) | 19 (30.7) | 43 (75.4) | <0.001 | 19 (30.7) | 5 (8.8) | 0.003 | 20 (32.3) | 5 (8.6) | 0.001 |
| Volume >70 cc (n=19) | 1 (8.3) | 3 (42.9) | 0.12 | 10 (83.3) | 2 (28.6) | 0.045 | 3 (25.0) | 3 (42.9) | 0.62 |
Data are no. (%) of patients with outcomes unless otherwise indicated. Comparisons in favorable outcome between TIMI flow grades were done using χ2 or Fisher exact test.
DEFUSE indicates Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging Evaluation for Understanding Stroke Evolution; DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography; NA, not applicable; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; and TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.
DEFUSE model (volume <25 cc for ICA or MCA-M1 occlusion and volume <15 cc for MCA-M2 occlusion).