Table 2.

Effect of different ultrasonication conditions (time, amplitude, temperature) on energy input, viscosity, Z-average, and PDI of nanoemulsion (1 wt% OPEO, 2 wt% Tween 80)

Run	Independent variablea			Responseb
	X 1	X 2	X 3	Y 1	Y 2	Y 3	Y 4
1	85	89.73	25	9,354	1.05	64.17	0.540
2	85	150.27	25	16,135	1.05	27.22	0.587
3	94	138	37	16,381	1.19	18.16	0.810
4	69.86	120	25	10,023	1.04	66.83	0.552
5	76	102	37	9,306	1.20	56.71	0.567
6	85	120	45.18	12,304	1.19	33.47	0.645
7	85	120	25	12,712	1.04	44.22	0.677
8	76	138	37	13,011	1.19	37.23	0.707
9	85	120	25	12,426	1.05	39.53	0.647
10	85	120	4.82	13,181	1.21	30.10	0.656
11	94	102	37	12,203	1.19	36.82	0.688
12	85	120	25	12,620	1.05	46.76	0.709
13	85	120	25	12,531	1.05	51.17	0.621
14	85	120	25	12,703	1.06	49.60	0.608
15	76	102	13	9,776	1.20	62.69	0.550
16	94	102	13	12,725	1.20	37.18	0.655
17	100.14	120	25	15,099	1.05	32.09	0.676
18	76	138	13	12,952	1.19	39.48	0.675
19	94	138	13	16,629	1.19	21.38	0.868
20	85	120	25	12,454	1.06	49.43	0.603

^a X ₁, sonication amplitude (%); X ₂, sonication time (s); X ₃, process temperature (°C)

^b Y ₁, energy input (J); Y ₂, viscosity (mPa.s); Y ₃, Z-average (nm); Y ₄, PDI