. 2014 Apr 9;52(5):3044–3050. doi: 10.1007/s13197-014-1339-1

Table 5.

Verification of model predicted and actual responses at optimum conditions

Torques (Nm)	Predicted values (μ_o)	Actual value^a (μ₁) ± SD	Standard error	% Variation	Mean difference	t_cal (2 -tailed)
C1	1.10	1.16 ± 0.192	0.0859	5.172	0.06	0.6969
C2	0.49	0.534 ± 0.079	0.0353	8.240	0.044	1.2420
C3	0.98	1.02 ± 0.135	0.0604	3.922	0.04	0.6607
C4	1.41	1.368 ± 0.108	0.0483	3.070	0.042	0.8672
C5	2.76	2.828 ± 0.155	0.0693	2.405	0.068	0.9783

H_o: μ_o = μ₁, H₁: μ_o ≠ μ₁, t_cal < t_table at p < 0.01, ‘H_o’ is not rejected, ^a mean of five replications