Table 1. General characteristics of the study subjects and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis.
| Children with AR | Children without AR | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 369 | 1,171 | 0.071 |
| Average age (year) | 11.02±0.88 | 11.11±0.88 | 0.085 |
| Male | 202/369 (54.7%) | 571/1,169 (48.8%) | 0.049 |
| Average BMI | 19.35±3.35 | 18.99±3.26 | 0.065 |
| Number with parents with a history of allergic diseases | 146/356 (41.0%) | 205/1,142 (18.0%) | <0.001 |
| Exposure to tobacco smoke | 147/361 (40.7%) | 538/1,135 (47.4%) | 0.029 |
| Parental income (Korean Won) | <0.001 | ||
| ≤990,000 | 14/345 (4.1%) | 74/1,074 (6.9%) | |
| 1,000,000-1,900,000 | 50/345 (14.5%) | 233/1,074 (21.7%) | |
| 2,000,000-2,990,000 | 82/345 (23.8%) | 286/1,074 (26.6%) | |
| 3,000,000-3,990,000 | 75/345 (21.7%) | 221/1,074 (20.6%) | |
| 4,000,000-4,990,000 | 89/345 (25.8%) | 187/1,074 (17.4%) | |
| ≥5,000,000 | 35/345 (10.1%) | 73/1,074 (6.8%) | |
| Living area (Seoul) | 216/369 (58.5%) | 397/1,171 (33.9%) | <0.001 |
| Caesarean delivery | 131/365 (35.9%) | 375/1,141 (32.9%) | 0.308 |
| Breast milk feeding | 211/365 (42.2%) | 678/1,153 (41.2%) | 0.761 |
| Antibiotic use during infancy | 121/366 (33.1%) | 231/1,132 (20.4%) | <0.001 |
| Average percent of eosinophil | 4.42±3.41 | 3.39±2.41 | <0.001 |
| Average total IgE levels (IU/mL) | 324.51±582.81 | 206.36±324.51 | 0.001 |
AR, allergic rhinitis; BMI, body mass index.