Table 5.
Intragroup evaluation and intergroup comparison of examined variables in the hip joint.
| Hip joint | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internal (+) and external (−) rotation during gait cycle (degrees) | ||||||
| Gait phases | Studied group | Involved/right leg | Uninvolved/left leg | P ∗ | ||
| x | SD | x | SD | |||
| KHS | SB ACLR | 2.19 | 7.30 | −1.11 | 7.78 | 0.287 |
| DB ACLR | −3.88 | 11.20 | −4.59 | 9.64 | 0.716 | |
| Control | −7.27 | 6.26 | −8.15 | 5.60 | 0.614 | |
| P | 0.034 | 0.095 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| K1 | SB ACLR | 6.60 | 7.14 | 3.08 | 5.03 | 0.277 |
| DB ACLR | −0.55 | 10.46 | 0.15 | 8.59 | 0.770 | |
| Control | −2.71 | 5.79 | −3.95 | 5.72 | 0.440 | |
| P | 0.023 | 0.042 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| K2 | SB ACLR | 7.18 | 6.25 | 6.16 | 8.11 | 0.768 |
| DB ACLR | 1.68 | 9.41 | 2.98 | 7.10 | 0.547 | |
| Control | −1.43 | 5.17 | −0.11 | 4.65 | 0.415 | |
| P | 0.020 | 0.075 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| KTO | SB ACLR | 8.19 | 8.14 | 5.90 | 7.80 | 0.500 |
| DB ACLR | 2.25 | 10.48 | 2.78 | 6.18 | 0.847 | |
| Control | −4.15 | 6.37 | −4.65 | 4.91 | 0.765 | |
| P | 0.004 | <0.001 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| K3 | SB ACLR | 9.49 | 8.10 | 5.70 | 8.42 | 0.169 |
| DB ACLR | 1.85 | 11.14 | 1.48 | 11.12 | 0.904 | |
| Control | −4.65 | 6.18 | −4.25 | 6.54 | 0.836 | |
| P | 0.001 | 0.027 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| K4 | SB ACLR | 0.45 | 5.66 | −3.78 | 8.22 | 0.285 |
| DB ACLR | −6.15 | 12.75 | −6.82 | 9.92 | 0.811 | |
| Control | −12.97 | 6.35 | −12.65 | 5.10 | 0.856 | |
| P | 0.003 | 0.023 | ||||
ACLR: anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; SB ACLR: group after single-bundle ACLR; DB ACLR: group after double-bundle ACLR; control: control group; x: arithmetic mean; SD: standard deviation; KHS: the first contact between the foot and the ground; K1: maximal knee flexion at the beginning of stance phase; K2: the biggest extension of the knee during a single stance; KTO: detaching the toes at the end of stance phase; K3: maximal knee flexion during swing phase; K4: maximal extension of the knee joint in the preparatory phase before stance phase; P: significance level (one-way Anova); P ∗: significance level (parametric t-test for dependent samples). Values in bold are statistically significant.
Presented values obtained in the SB and DB ACLR groups refer to involved leg while values obtained in the control group refer to the right leg.