Figure 1. LIPUS-induced enhancement of neurotrophic factor expression in the rat brain.

Each hemisphere was treated with LIPUS stimulations for a sonication time of 15 min. The hippocampus was subjected western blot to measure the protein expressions of BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF at 4 h following LIPUS stimulation. β–actin served as a loading control. The presented blots shown were derived from multiple gels. The membranes were cut based on molecular weights and probed with the antibody of interest. * and ^# denote significant differences in the sonicated hippocampi compared to the left and right ipsilateral control hippocampi, respectively. (*^,#, p < 0.05, n = 4).