Table 4.

Main themes for supporting intrinsic motivation and satisfying the three basic needs

Supporting autonomy	Supporting competence	Supporting relatedness
Identify what students want	Provide optimal challenges	Respect students
Provide different learning approaches
Give value to uninteresting tasks	Provide structured guidance
Promote active participation		Give emotional support
Give choice	Value students work
Give learning responsibility		Acknowledge students' expressions of negative effect
Provide freedom	Give positive and constructive feedback
Avoid external reward	Feedback