Table 1.
Characterization of E. coli isolates based on antibiotic resistance and ExPEC status
| Antibiotic class and antibiotic name | Dog stool sample E. coli isolates n = 15 | Park visitor shoe swab E. coli isolates n = 23 | Control shoe swab E. coli isolates n = 16 |
|---|---|---|---|
| (% resistant) | (% resistant) | (% resistant) | |
| Penicillins | |||
| Ampicillin | 3 (20.0%) | 5 (21.7%) | 3 (18.8%) |
| Ampicillin Sulbactam | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.7%) | 1 (6.3%) |
| Cephems | |||
| Cefazolin | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (13.0%) | 1 (6.3%) |
| Cefoxitin | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.7%) | 1 (6.3%) |
| Ceftriaxone | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.7%) | 1 (6.3%) |
| Quinolones | |||
| Ciprofloxacin | 1 (6.7%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Nalidixic acide | 1 (6.7%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Tetracycline | |||
| Tetracycline | 2 (13.3%) | 4 (17.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Folate Pathway Inhibitors | |||
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxozole | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Aminoglycosides | |||
| Amikacin | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Gentamicin | 1 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Carbapenem | |||
| Imipenem | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Multi-Drug Resistant | |||
| (≥2 antibiotics) | 2 (13.3%) | 4 (17.4%) | 1 (6.3%) |
| Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli 1 | Number (%) ExPEC | Number (%) ExPEC | Number (%) ExPEC |
| 5 (33%) | 2 (9%) | 1 (6%) | |
| Multi-Drug Resistant ExPEC 1 | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) |
| (≥2 antibiotics) | Multi-Drug Resistant | Multi-Drug Resistant | Multi-Drug Resistant |
| 2 (13%) | 2 (9%) | 0 (0%) |
1Percent ExPEC and percent multi-drug resistant is calculated from total E. coli isolates.