Table 2. MiRNAs in bone metastasis.

miRNA	Cell type	Activity	Species	Cancer type	Reference
Biomarkers of bone metastasis
MiR-16	Osteoclasts	Increased in presence of bone metastases	Human and mouse	Breast	47
MiR-326	Osteoclasts	Increased in presence of bone metastases	Mouse	Lung	57
MiR-378	Osteoclasts	Increased in presence of bone metastases	Human and mouse	Breast	47

miRNA	Cell type	Activity	Targets	Cancer type	Reference
Regulators of bone metastasis
Let-7	BM-MSC	Decreases mobility of cancer cells	IL-6	Prostate	58
MiR-23b	BM-MSC	Decreases proliferation and mobility of cancer cells	MARCKS	Breast	60
MiR-33a	Osteoclasts	Decreases osteoclastogenesis	PTHrP	Breast and lung	41,47
MiR-34a	Osteoclasts	Decreases bone metastasis in transgenic mouse model	Tgif2	Breast and skin	33
MiR-127	BM stromal cells	Decreases proliferation of cancer cells, induced dormancy	CXCL12	Breast	59
MiR-133a	Osteoclasts	Decreases osteoclastogenesis	Mitf, Mmp14	Breast	47
MiR-141	Osteoclasts	Decreases osteoclastogenesis, inhibits bone metastasis in vivo	Mitf, Calcr	Breast	47
MiR-190	Osteoclasts	Decreases osteoclastogenesis	Calcr	Breast	47
MiR-197	BM stromal cells	Decreases proliferation of cancer cells, induced dormancy	CXCL12	Breast	59
MiR-219	Osteoclasts	Decreases osteoclastogenesis, inhibits bone metastasis in vivo	Mitf, Traf6	Breast	47
MiR-222	BM stromal cells	Decreases proliferation of cancer cells, induced dormancy	CXCL12	Breast	59
MiR-223	BM stromal cells	Decreases proliferation of cancer cells, induced dormancy	CXCL12	Breast	59

Abbreviations: BM, bone marrow; miR, microRNA; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell.