Table 2. The association between dietary patterns and urinary total phthalate concentration.
| n | LSGM a d (95% CI) | β1 (SE) b | β2 (SE) c | β3 (SE) d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prudent dietary pattern e | |||||
| Quartile 1 (lowest) | 376 | 120.7 (109.4–132.1) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| Quartile 2 | 376 | 124.5 (113.1–135.9) | 0.02 (0.06) | 0.03 (0.07) | 0.03 (0.07) |
| Quartile 3 | 376 | 112.8 (102.3–123.3) | -0.10 (0.06) | -0.08 (0.07) | -0.07 (0.07) |
| Quartile 4 (highest) | 375 | 107.4 (97.3–117.4) | -0.12 (0.06) | -0.12 (0.07) | -0.11 (0.07) |
| P value for trend | 0.024 | 0.028 | 0.047 | ||
| Western dietary pattern e | |||||
| Quartile 1 (lowest) | 376 | 105.9 (95.8–115.9) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| Quartile 2 | 376 | 108.3 (98.2–118.3) | 0.07 (0.06) | 0.02 (0.07) | 0.02 (0.07) |
| Quartile 3 | 376 | 125.3 (113.9–136.8) | 0.21 (0.06) | 0.17 (0.07) | 0.17 (0.07) |
| Quartile 4 (highest) | 375 | 125.7 (113.9–137.6) | 0.23 (0.06) | 0.20 (0.07) | 0.17 (0.07) |
| P value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 |
a LSGM: Least Square Geometric Mean.
b Model adjusted to age.
c Model adjusted to age, education, employment status, marital status and annual household income.
d Model adjusted to age, education, employment status, marital status, annual household income, current smoking, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity.
e Derived from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).