Table 2. DMVhi study participant characteristics by glucose tolerance status (n = 29,144).
| Characteristics | Normal glucose (±SD or %) | Undiagnosed T2D (±SD or %) | IGT (±SD or %) | IFG (±SD or %) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 25679 | 537 (1.8%) | 853 (2.9%) | 2075 (7.1%) | |
| Male | 10730 (41.8%) | 372 (69.3%) | 540 (63.3%) | 1287 (62.0%) | <0.001 |
| Age* (years) | 58.9 (±8.1) | 62.8 (±7.0) | 63.1 (±7.5) | 61.0 (±7.5) | <0.001 |
| Ever smoked | 9928 (38.7%) | 283 (52.7%) | 404 (47.4%) | 1033 (49.8%) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption | 20404 (79.5%) | 408 (76.0%) | 680 (79.7%) | 1753 (84.5%) | <0.001 |
| Exercise ≥5 days/week | 9326 (36.3%) | 147 (27.4%) | 226 (26.5%) | 644 (31.0%) | <0.001 |
| BMI* (kg/m 2 ) | 26.3 (±4.2) | 30.9 (±5.0) | 29.8 (±4.3) | 28.8 (±4.3) | <0.001 |
| Abdominal obesity § | 16036 (62.4%) | 484 (90.1%) | 754 (88.4%) | 1698 (81.8%) | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP* (mm/Hg) | 123.6 (±16.8) | 135.6 (±17.0) | 135.0 (±16.3) | 130.5 (±17.0) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol* (mmol/L) | 5.3 (±0.9) | 5.1 (±1.0) | 5.2 (±1.0) | 5.3 (±1.0) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol* (mmol/L) | 3.2 (±0.9) | 3.0 (±0.9) | 3.1 (±0.9) | 3.1 (±0.9) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol* (mmol/L) | 1.7 (±0.5) | 1.3 (±0.4) | 1.4 (±0.4) | 1.5 (±0.4) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides* (mmol/L) | 1.1 (±0.6) | 1.8 (±1.0) | 1.6 (±0.9) | 1.4 (±0.8) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive medication | 5996 (20.6%) | 244 (45.4%) | 371 (43.5%) | 619 (29.8%) | <0.001 |
| Cardio-vascular disease | 1119 (3.8%) | 45 (8.4%) | 57 (6.7%) | 138 (6.7%) | <0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes | 7973 (31.0%) | 248 (46.2%) | 314 (36.8%) | 766 (36.9%) | <0.001 |
*Mean value,
§ abdominal obesity defined as waist circumference of ≥80cm in females and ≥94cm in males. BP = blood pressure, T2D = type 2 diabetes,