Fig. 12.

E16.5 Fgfr2^BM−/− bladders have increased Boc and Cdo expression. A: quantitative PCR showing comparable growth arrest specific 1 (Gas1) mRNA expression but elevated Boc and Cdo mRNA expressions in E16.5 Fgfr2^BM−/− compared with age-matched control bladders. B and C: in situ hybridization revealed more intense Boc expression in suburothelial (B, arrowheads) and muscle layers adjacent to the lamina propria (C, arrowheads) in E16.5 Fgfr2^BM−/− bladders (B′ and C′) than in control bladders (B and C). D and E: in situ hybridization revealed that Cdo mRNA expression was confined to the muscle adjacent to the lamina propria (arrowhead) and outer serosal layer (arrows) of the E16.5 control bladder (D and E), whereas in the E16.5 mutant (D′ and E′), it was strongly expressed throughout the entire muscle layer (arrowheads) up to the serosal layer. Scale bars = 150 μm in B, B′, C, C′, E, and E′ and 300 μm in D and D′. Values are means ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.