Figure 2. Induction of IFN-λ prevents enteric NoV persistence.

(A and B) Control mice were orally inoculated with 10⁶ PFU of either MNoV CW3 or CR6, and total RNA was isolated from MLN, Peyer’s patches, or colon at the indicated times. Relative copy numbers for IFN-β transcripts (A) and IFN-λ transcripts (B) were quantified by qRT-PCR. (C) MNoV genomes, IFN-β transcripts and IFN-λ transcripts in MLNs 48 hours after inoculation were compared between mice infected with CW3^D94E containing either the CW3 or CR6 capsid gene. (D) MNoV genomes in feces from control or Ifnlr1^−/− mice were measured at day 21 after inoculation with 10⁶ PFU of CW3^D94E. Data in (A) to (C) are pooled from three independent experiments for a total of three to four mice per time point. Data points in (D) are individual mice pooled from three independent experiments. Dashed lines represent limit of detection. Statistical significance determined by two-way ANOVA (A and B) or Mann-Whitney test (C and D). n.s., not significant (P > 0.05); *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001. Error bars in (A) and (B) denote SD.