Table 4.

Phthalate-Attributable Decreases in T in Europe, 2010

Expert panel evaluation of epidemiological evidence	Low
Expert panel evaluation of toxicological evidence	Strong
Probability of causation, %	40–69
Percentile of exposure	0–9	10–24	25–49	50–74	75–89	>90
Percentile assumed	0	10	25	50	75	90
Urinary MBP, micromolar	<LOD	0.040	0.067	0.110	0.186	0.306
Urinary DEHP metabolites, micromolar	<LOD	0.025	0.042	0.076	0.136	0.238
MBP-related change in T (assuming 10th percentile reference level), %	0.00	0.00	−4.07	−4.07	−4.07	−4.07
DEHP related changes in T (assuming 10th percentile reference level), %	0.00	0.00	−2.04	−6.22	−13.46	−25.77
Change in mean T, nmol/L	0.00	0.00	−1.01	−1.70	−2.89	−4.92
Mortality RR (assuming 1.35 RR per 5.10 nmol/L increment in T)	1	1	1.06	1.10	1.19	1.34
Deaths of 55− to 64-y-old men (baseline), n	241 187
Incremental deaths resulting from phthalate-attributable T, n	24 820
Lost economic productivity	€7.96 billion

Abbreviation: LOD, limit of detection.