Table 1.
Participant Demographics and Risk Factors by Glycemic Status
| Characteristic | No Diabetes | Undiagnosed Prediabetes | Undiagnosed Diabetes | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, y | 41.7 (0.3) | 55.4 (0.4) | 58.6 (0.9) | <.001 |
| Female | 50.8 (0.5) | 51.7 (1.1) | 41.3 (3.0) | .009 |
| Race | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 72.9 (1.8) | 65.0 (0.9) | 57.0 (5.2) | <.001 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 8.8 (0.8) | 15.6 (0.6) | 17.0 (2.4) | <.001 |
| Mexican American | 8.3 (0.9) | 8.4 (0.4) | 14.0 (2.5) | .005 |
| Other Hispanic | 4.3 (0.6) | 4.5 (0.3) | 4.8 (1.0) | .83 |
| Other race | 5.7 (0.5) | 6.5 (0.6) | 7.3 (2.7) | .48 |
| Education <12 y | 15.3 (0.8) | 24.2 (0.9) | 29.6 (2.7) | <.001 |
| Married | 53.7 (1.0) | 58.1 (1.1) | 56.0 (3.2) | <.001 |
| Uninsured | 21.4 (0.9) | 18.5 (0.8) | 22.8 (3.3) | .012 |
| Family history diabetes | 30.9 (0.6) | 40.0 (1.1) | 46.1 (2.7) | <.001 |
| Mean BMI, kg/m2 | 27.3 (0.1) | 30.2 (0.1) | 34.2 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 20.6 (0.7) | 40.5 (1.1) | 49.6 (2.8) | <.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 22.1 (0.7) | 39.0 (1.1) | 37.1 (3.2) | <.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 3.8 (0.3) | 9.6 (0.6) | 14.8 (1.6) | <.001 |
| No doctor visit past 12 mo | 19.1 (0.5) | 13.8 (0.7) | 21.0 (2.8) | <.001 |
| Screened for diabetes past 3 y | 35.9 (0.5) | 49.6 (1.1) | 56.1 (2.8) | <.001 |
| Mean random blood glucose, mg/dL | 89.9 (0.2) | 99.1 (0.4) | 156.0 (5.3) | <.001 |
| Mean HbA1C, % | 5.2 (0.01) | 5.9 (0.01) | 7.6 (0.1) | <.001 |
| Mean HbA1C, mmol/mol | 33 (0.1) | 41 (0.1) | 60 (1.1) | <.001 |
Data presented as percent (se) unless otherwise noted. All estimates are weighted to U.S. population estimates. Random glucose (mg/dL) × 0.5551 = mmol/L.