Table 3. Numerical (n) and percentage (%) distribution of individuals according to the presence of hoarseness, vocal fatigue, sore throat, and phlegm, and the causes attributed to these symptoms.
| Variable | Category | Ntotal | Hoarseness | Vocal fatigue | Sore throat | Phlegm | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | p | No | Yes | p | No | Yes | p | No | Yes | p | |||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n | |||||||
| Intense vocal use | Yes | 135 | 90 (16,0) | 45 (8,0) | < 0,001a | 108 (19,2) | 27 (4,8) | 0,001a | 114 (20,3) | 21 (3,7) | 0,044a | 112 (19,9) | 23 (4,1) | 0,7 |
| No | 427 | 387 (68,9) | 40 (7,1) | 387 (68,9) | 40 (7,1) | 387 (68,9) | 40 (7,1) | 348 (61,9) | 79 (14,1) | |||||
| Stress | Yes | 119 | 98 (17,4) | 21 (3,8) | 0,387 | 83 (14,8) | 36 (6,4) | < 0,001a | 101 (18,0) | 18 (3,2) | 0,092 | 92 (16,4) | 27 (4,8) | 0,148 |
| No | 443 | 379 (67,4) | 64 (11,4) | 412 (73,3) | 31 (5,5) | 400 (71,2) | 43 (7,6) | 368 (65,5) | 75 (13,3) | |||||
| Smoking | Yes | 135 | 113 (20,1) | 22 (3,9) | 0,663 | 121 (21,5) | 14 (2,5) | 0,523 | 126 (22,4) | 9 (1,6) | 0,073 | 89 (15,8) | 46 (8,2) | <0,001a |
| No | 427 | 364 (64,8) | 63 (11,2) | 374 (66,5) | 53 (9,5) | 375 (66,7) | 52 (9,3) | 371 (66,0) | 56 (10,0) | |||||
| Upper respiratory affections | Yes | 219 | 168 (29,9) | 51(9,1) | < 0,001a | 191 (34,0) | 28 (5,0) | 0,614 | 180 (32,0) | 39 (7,0) | < 0,001a | 156 (11,2) | 63 (27,8) | <0,001a |
| No | 343 | 309 (55,0) | 34 (6,0) | 304 (54,1) | 39 (6,9) | 321 (57,1) | 22 (3,9) | 304 (54,1) | 39 (6,9) | |||||
| Use of medication | Yes | 14 | 10 (1,8) | 4 (0,7) | 0,155 | 10 (1,8) | 4 (0,7) | 0,052 | 13 (2,3) | 1 (0,2) | 0,651 | 11 (2,0) | 3(0,5) | 0,747 |
| No | 548 | 467 (83,1) | 81 (14,4) | 485 (86,3) | 63 (11,2) | 488 (86,8) | 60 (10,7) | 449 (79,9) | 99 (17,6) | |||||
| Digestive issues | Yes | 25 | 23 (4,1) | 2 (0,4) | 0,309 | 17 (3,0) | 8 (1,4) | 0,002a | 20 (3,6) | 5 (0,8) | 0,133 | 16 (2,8) | 9 (1,6) | 0,018a |
| No | 537 | 454 (80,8) | 83 (14,8) | 478 (85,1) | 59 (10,5) | 481 (85,6) | 56 (10,0) | 444 (79,0) | 93 (16,6) | |||||
| Pollution | Yes | 20 | 18 (3,2) | 2 (0,3) | 0,532 | 18 (3,2) | 2 (0,3) | 0,806 | 15 (2,6) | 5 (0,9) | 0,035a | 17 (3,0) | 3 (0,5) | 0,734 |
| No | 551 | 468 (82,0) | 83 (14,5) | 486 (85,1) | 65 (11,4) | 495 (86,7) | 56 (9,8) | 452 (79,2) | 99 (17,3) | |||||
Legend: a p < 0,050 (5%)