Fig 5. Glucose supports guarana stimulation of planarian locomotor velocity (pLmV).

Shown are pLmV data relative to water-only controls for Dugesia tigrina exposed a combination of 0.001 mM guarana seed extract and 0.561 mM glucose (grey bars), or 0.1 mM guarana seed extract and 5.61 mM glucose (black bars). Planarians were habituated in their respective conditions for either 2 minutes or 1 hour as indicated, before their pLmV activity was monitored. Planarian motility was monitored after the worms were placed in a Petri dish containing the appropriate concentrations of guarana extract and glucose following the tested habituation period. The Petri dishes were placed over graph paper and the number of grid-lines crossed was monitored for three minutes. The white bar represents the normalized control pLmV, while the black bars indicate relative to control test pLmV values. Error bars indicate the standard deviation, while a * indicates a p-value of less than 0.05 relative to the water-only control.