Figure 6.
BM-AuNPs inducing pronounced bacterium-specific T cell activation in vivo. The mice (n = 10) were immunized with 0.2 μg antigen/dose BM-AuNPs or OMVs. Naive mice were tested in paralell as a negative control. On day 21, splenic cells were collected and stimulated with E. coli bacteria. After 72 h of co-culturing with the bacteria, the levels of (a) IFN-γ, (b) IL-17, and (c) IL-4 in the medium were quantified using an ELISA. *p < 0.05. Bars represent means ± SD (n=10). UD = undetectable by ELISA.