Fig 5. Changes in urinary microalbumin (A) and urinary microalbumin percent change from baseline (B) normalized to urinary creatinine.

At 24 hours and 72 hours post-ischemia, urinary microalbumin tended to be lower in the IP-L group. However, no statistically significant differences were detected between the three groups until 72 hours after ischemia. UCr, urine creatinine; IP-E, remote ischemic preconditioning with early window; IP-L, remote ischemic preconditioning with late window.