TABLE 2—
Joint Effects of Particulate Air Pollution and Dietary Antioxidant Intake on Blood Pressure Outcomes: Detroit Healthy Environments Partnership; Detroit, MI; 2002–2003
| b | Lag 1, b (95% CI) | Lag 2, b (95% CI) | Lag 3, b (95% CI) | Lag 4, b (95% CI) |
| Systolic BP | ||||
| PM2.5 | −2.6 (−3.0, −2.2) | 4.2 (3.9, 4.5) | 3.0 (2.7, 3.3) | 7.3 (6.7, 7.9) |
| DAI | −0.5 (−1.0, 0.0) | −0.5* (−1, −0.1) | −0.6* (−1.1, −0.1) | −0.5* (−0.9, −0.1) |
| Diastolic BP | ||||
| PM2.5 | −2.1 (−2.3, −1.8) | −1.1 (−1.4, −0.8) | 0.6 (0.3, 0.9) | 2.7 (2.1, 3.3) |
| DAI | 0.1 (−0.7, 0.8) | 0.0 (−0.7, 0.8) | 0.1 (−0.6, 0.8) | 0.0 (−0.7, 0.8) |
| Pulse pressure | ||||
| PM2.5 | −0.4 (−0.8, 0.0) | 5.4 (5, 5.8) | 2.5 (2.2, 2.7) | 4.8 (4.5, 5.2) |
| DAI | −0.6* (−1.0, −0.1) | −0.6* (−1.1, −0.1) | −0.7** (−1.2, −0.2) | −0.6* (−1.1, 0) |
Note. BP = blood pressure; CI = confidence interval; DAI = dietary antioxidant intake; PM2.5 = particulate matter < 2.5 micrometers in diameter.
*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.