Table 2.
Statistical analyses of parenchymal (cm3), hippocampal global (mm3), and subfields (0.5 mm3) volumes
| Measurement | All‐PTSD to HC comparison | Different group comparisons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | t‐Test: P value (change%) | Mean (SD) | t‐Test: P value (change%) | |||||
| All‐PTSD (n = 33) | HC (n = 28) | All‐PTSD vs. HC | PTSD‐DID (n = 17) | PTSD‐only (n = 16) | PTSD‐DID vs. HC | PTSD‐DID vs. PTSD‐only | PTSD‐only vs. HC | |
| Parenchymal | 1072 (779) | 1084 (599) | 0.69 (−1.11) | 1068 (819) | 1075 (759) | 0.48 (−1.48) | 0.78 (−0.65) | 0.70 (−0.83) |
| Global volume | ||||||||
| Left hippocampus | 2086 (229) | 2237 (196) | 0.012* (−6.75) | 2009 (208) | 2166 (228) | 0.001* (−10.19) | 0.046* (−7.25) | 0.30 (−3.17) |
| Right hippocampus | 2145 (204) | 2340 (205) | 0.001* (−8.33) | 2074 (185) | 2220 (202) | <0.001* (−11.37) | 0.047* (−6.58) | 0.067^ (−5.13) |
| Subfield volumes | ||||||||
| Left CA1 | 2436 (321) | 2421 (304) | 0.56 (0.62) | 2366 (330) | 2511 (302) | 0.78 (−2.28) | 0.16 (−5.77) | 0.20 (3.70) |
| Right CA1 | 2425 (300) | 2551 (265) | 0.090^ (−4.94) | 2382 (258) | 2471 (341) | 0.024* (−6.62) | 0.12 (−3.61) | 0.60 (−3.12) |
| Left CA2‐3 | 6789 (857) | 7284 (832) | 0.031* (−6.80) | 6578 (995) | 7012 (640) | 0.009* (−9.70) | 0.12 (−6.19) | 0.38 (−3.73) |
| Right CA2‐3 | 7303 (930) | 7778 (851) | 0.043* (−6.11) | 7074 (838) | 7547 (986) | 0.006* (−9.06) | 0.052^ (−6.26) | 0.57 (−2.98) |
| Left CA4‐DG | 3836 (506) | 4094 (462) | 0.053^ (−6.30) | 3680 (580) | 4003 (361) | 0.007* (−10.12) | 0.046* (−8.07) | 0.66 (−2.22) |
| Right CA4‐DG | 4032 (464) | 4361 (468) | 0.009* (−7.54) | 3942 (455) | 4128 (470) | 0.003* (−9.61) | 0.13 (−4.50) | 0.19 (−5.34) |
| Left presubiculum | 3521 (361) | 3721 (364) | 0.027* (−5.37) | 3413 (361) | 3635 (336) | 0.007* (−8.28) | 0.11 (−6.09) | 0.35 (−2.32) |
| Right presubiculum | 3413 (350) | 3591 (377) | 0.12 (−4.96) | 3430 (344) | 3396 (368) | 0.30 (−4.48) | 0.64 (1.00) | 0.13 (−5.43) |
| Left subiculum | 4680 (561) | 4919 (439) | 0.082^ (−4.86) | 4476 (567) | 4896 (482) | 0.007* (−9.00) | 0.022* (−8.57) | 0.89 (−0.46) |
| Right subiculum | 4694 (435) | 4905 (442) | 0.085^ (−4.30) | 4613 (412) | 4780 (455) | 0.020* (−5.95) | 0.10^ (−3.49) | 0.63 (−2.54) |
| Left fimbria | 498 (104) | 498 (164) | 0.90 (0.00) | 491 (115) | 507 (95) | 0.83 (−1.58) | 0.85 (−3.20) | 0.99 (1.67) |
| Right fimbria | 503 (90) | 471(158) | 0.25 (6.79) | 521 (92) | 485 (87) | 0.11 (10.59) | 0.24 (7.48) | 0.80 (2.89) |
PTSD‐only = patients with only post‐traumatic stress disorder; PTSD‐DID = patients with PTSD and dissociative identity disorder; All‐PTSD = includes both PTSD‐only and PTSD‐DID patient groups; HC = healthy controls.
*P‐value ≤ 0.05
^ 0.05 < P‐value ≤ 0.1 (a trend)