Figure 5.

Algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of Barrett’s carcinoma (follow-up after endoscopic resection after 3 months, then every 6 months for 2 years, then once a year). Carcinoma restricted to the mucosa is treated endoscopically. In some cases where there is superficial submucosal invasion (T1b–sm1), endoscopic resection may suffice. Stage cT2 carcinomas should, and stage cT3/cT4a carcinomas must, be referred for neoadjuvant therapy (chemo- or radiochemotherapy) followed by esophageal resection. CTX, chemotherapy; R-CTX, radiochemotherapy