Table 1. Characteristics of the NGHS participants (N = 775).
| Characteristic | White N = 367 |
Black N = 408 |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Mean ± SD (min, max) or N (%) | Mean ± SD (min, max) or N (%) | |
| Age at first visit, years | 10.0 ± 0.6 (9, 11) | 10.0 ± 0.6 (9, 11) |
| BMI z-score, visit 1 | 0.3 ± 1.0 (-2.5, 2.7) | 0.5 ± 1.1 (-2.6, 2.6) |
| Underweight (<5th percentile) | 9 (2%) | 9 (2%) |
| Normal (5th to <85th percentile) | 255 (69%) | 258 (63%) |
| Overweight (85th to <95th percentile) | 65 (18%) | 69 (17%) |
| Obese (≥95th percentile) | 38 (10%) | 72 (18%) |
| BMI z-score, visit 10a | 0.4 ± 1.0 (-3.1, 2.6) | 0.7 ± 1.1 (-3.0, 2.5) |
| Underweight (<5th percentile) | 9 (2%) | 8 (2%) |
| Normal (5th to <85th percentile) | 260 (71%) | 224 (55%) |
| Overweight (85th to <95th percentile) | 55 (15%) | 79 (19%) |
| Obese (≥95th percentile) | 43 (12%) | 97 (24%) |
| Age of pubertal maturity | ||
| Age 15 or younger | 240 (65%) | 287 (70%) |
| Older than age 15 | 127 (35%) | 121 (30%) |
| Parental educational attainment | ||
| Less than high school | 73 (20%) | 104 (25%) |
| Some college | 136 (37%) | 223 (55%) |
| College degree or higher | 157 (43%) | 80 (20%) |
| Missing | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) |
| Family annual income | ||
| < $10,000 | 23 (6%) | 130 (32%) |
| $10,000 to $19,000 | 41 (11%) | 89 (22%) |
| $20,000 to $39,999 | 117(32%) | 100 (25%) |
| $40,000 and over | 171 (47%) | 61 (15%) |
| Missing | 15 (4%) | 28 (7%) |
| Family SES composite index | ||
| Low | 111 (30%) | 253 (62%) |
| High | 256 (70%) | 155 (38%) |
| Census tract median family income in | ||
| $1000 (mean over period of observation) | 48 ± 11 (18, 73) | 30 ± 12 (12, 60) |
a
BMI z-score at visit 9 was used if visit 10 was missing.