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Purification of IgG1 and IgG4 autoantibodies specific to the epidermal basement membrane. IF microscopy study of serum from patient 1 on normal human skin demonstrates deposition of mainly IgG1 (A) and IgG4 (D) and traces of IgG2 (B) and IgG3 (C) at the dermal–epidermal junction. After purification against an affinity matrix containing mon-oclonal antibodies specific for IgG1, IgG1 autoantibodies to the skin basement membrane can be visualized in the purified fraction (E), while IgG2 (F), IgG3 (G) and IgG4 (H) autoantibodies are not detectable. Conversely, the antibody fraction purified against an affinity matrix specific for IgG4 demonstrated binding of autoantibodies to the basement membrane of normal human skin exclusively belonging to the IgG4 subclass (L), whereas no deposits of IgG1 (I), IgG2 (J) or IgG3 (K) were observed (all magnifications, ×200).