Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics for 803 APAP ALF Patients.
| Admission Training Dataset Subjects (N = 288) | Admission Testing Dataset Subjects (N = 515) | All ALF-APAP Subjects (N = 803) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Number (%) or Median (IQR) | N | Number (%) or Median (IQR) | N | Number (%) or Median (IQR) | |
| Death/LT by day 21 | 288 | 144 (50%) | 515 | 71 (13.8%) | 803 | 215 (26.8%) |
| Age | 288 | 39.0 (30.0–47.0) | 515 | 36.0 (28.0–47.0) | 803 | 37.0 (29.0–47.0) |
| Sex (female) | 288 | 222 (77.1%) | 515 | 389 (75.5%) | 803 | 611 (76.1%) |
| Race | 288 | 515 | 803 | |||
| White | 246 (85.4%) | 451 (87.6%) | 697 (86.8%) | |||
| African-American | 30 (10.4%) | 36 (7.0%) | 66 (8.2%) | |||
| Other | 12 (4.2%) | 35 (6.8%) | 47 (5.0%) | |||
| Admission day NAC (oral or IV) | 288 | 255 (88.5%) | 515 | 456 (88.5%) | 803 | 711 (88.5%) |
| Admission Coma Grade (I or II) | 288 | 116 (40.2%) | 515 | 232 (45.0%) | 803 | 348 (43.3%) |
| Admission biochemistry | ||||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 285 | 10.4 (9.4–12.3) | 512 | 11.2 (9.5–12.6) | 797 | 10.8 (9.5–12.5) |
| White Blood count (x109/L) | 284 | 9.3 (6.6–13.9) | 513 | 9.3 (6.4–14.1) | 797 | 9.3 (6.4–14.0) |
| Platelet count (x109/L) | 284 | 123.5 (76.0–183.5) | 510 | 128.0 (84.0–181.0) | 794 | 126.0 (82.0–182.0) |
| INR | 282 | 3.1 (2.0–4.6) | 506 | 2.8 (2.0–4.3) | 788 | 2.9 (2.0–4.4) |
| AST (IU/L) | 288 | 4570.5 (1520.0–8762.5) | 508 | 3473.0 (1302.0–7352.0) | 796 | 3686.5 (1350.5–7980.0) |
| ALT (IU/L) | 287 | 3520.0 (1847.0–5778.0) | 507 | 3743.0 (1967.5–6449.5) | 794 | 3685.5 (1959.0–6218.0) |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 285 | 4.4 (2.7–6.7) | 508 | 4.4 (2.8–6.4) | 793 | 4.4 (2.8–6.4) |
| pH | 257 | 7.4 (7.3–7.5) | 440 | 7.4 (7.4–7.5) | 697 | 7.4 (7.3–7.5) |
| Ammonia (venous; μmol/L) | 96 | 124.5 (82.5–176.5) | 185 | 91.0 (59.5–142.5) | 281 | 102.0 (68.0–153.0) |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 287 | 2.0 (1.0–3.5) | 513 | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | 800 | 1.9 (0.9–3.4) |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 182 | 5.7 (3.3–11.4) | 309 | 3.6 (2.1–7.3) | 491 | 4.5 (2.4–8.7) |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 254 | 2.9 (1.9–4.2) | 459 | 2.4 (1.6–3.5) | 713 | 2.6 (1.7–3.7) |
| PO2/FiO2 ratio | 219 | 3.6 (2.4–4.7) | 379 | 3.8 (2.7–4.7) | 598 | 3.7 (2.5–4.7) |
| MELD (admission) | 280 | 26.9 (18.4–34.1) | 500 | 24.9 (15.7–31.1) | 780 | 25.7 (16.7–32.3) |
| Organ support (7-days) | 288 | 515 | ||||
| Mechanical ventilation | 206 (71.5%) | 330 (64.1%) | 803 | 536 (66.7%) | ||
| Vasopressors | 127 (44.1%) | 138 (26.8%) | 803 | 265 (33.0%) | ||
| Renal Replacement therapy | 86 (29.9%) | 158 (30.7%) | 803 | 244 (30.4%) | ||
| ICP therapies (7-days) | 288 | 515 | ||||
| Mannitol | 84 (29.2%) | 101 (19.6%) | 803 | 185 (23.0%) | ||
| Hypertonic saline | 28 (9.7%) | 39 (7.6%) | 803 | 67 (8.3%) | ||
| Barbiturates | 25 (8.7%) | 41 (8.0%) | 803 | 66 (8.2%) | ||
| Hypothermia | 23 (8.0%) | 34 (6.6%) | 803 | 57 (7.1%) | ||
| Sedatives | 207 (71.9%) | 343 (66.6%) | 803 | 550 (68.5%) | ||
| Blood products (7-days) | 288 | 515 | ||||
| Fresh Frozen Plasma | 171 (59.4%) | 255 (49.5%) | 803 | 426 (53.1%) | ||
| Recombinant VIIA | 8 (2.8%) | 8 (1.6%) | 803 | 16 (2.0%) | ||
| Platelets | 79 (27.4%) | 88 (17.1%) | 803 | 169 (21.0%) | ||
Abbreviations
N: frequency; IQR: inter-quartile range; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease.
Coma grade as defined by West Haven Criteria [21]: Low grade ~ Grade I or II, High grade ~ Grade III or IV