(A) Immunoblot analysis showing that the levels of cyclin B1 and CK1δ, but not CK1ε, are higher in GCPs purified from Fzr1-knockout mice than in those from control mice. Protein extracts were made directly after GCP purification. GCPs were not maintained in culture. (B) Quantification of (A). (C) Overexpression of CK1δ-V5 in purified GCPs increases cell proliferation, as indicated by the amount of EdU-positive cells (red) in the presence of SHH (75 ng/mL). EdU incorporation into cells electroporated with the CK1δ-V5 or CK1δ-V5 ΔDB1 DB2 construct was normalized to that of cells electroporated with the empty control vector (V5). (D) Quantification of (C). (E) CK1δ levels decrease during GCP cell cycle exit. Representative Western blotting of CK1δ, Cdh1, cyclin B1, and the loading control Skp1. (F) Quantification of (E). Results shown are averages of three independent experiments and are represented as the mean ± SEM (*p <0.05, **p <0.001).