Table 1. Baseline characteristics of trial participants.
| Parameters | No. | IVIG (n = 11) | No. | Placebo (n = 11) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11 | 5 (1–11) | 11 | 7 (1.3–12) | NS. | |
| Male | 11 | 5 (.45) | 11 | 7 (.64) | NS. | |
| Living in rural area | 11 | 11 (1) | 11 | 9 (.82) | NS. | |
| Fever duration (days) | 9 | 5 (2–12) | 11 | 5 (3–10) | NS. | |
| Illness duration (days) | 10 | 5 (4–13) | 11 | 6 (3–13) | NS. | |
| Altered sensorium | 11 | 10 (.91) | 11 | 9 (.81) | NS. | |
| New onset seizures | 11 | 10 (.91) | 11 | 11 (1) | NS. | |
| Glasgow Coma Scale (3–15) on admission | 11 | 8 (5–15) | 11 | 8 (5–15) | NS. | |
| Temperature (°C) | 10 | 38.3 (36.7–40) | 10 | 38.9 (36.7–40) | NS. | |
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 10 | 95 (68–140) | 11 | 104 (84–130) | NS. | |
| Resp. rate (breaths/minute) | 10 | 33.5 (22–56) | 11 | 28 (22–40) | NS. | |
| Neck stiffness present | 11 | 4 (.36) | 11 | 4 (.36) | NS. | |
| Kernig's sign present | 11 | 1 (.09) | 10 | 2 (.18) | NS. | |
| Abnormal limb tone | 8 | 5 (.63) | 9 | 3 (.3) | NS. | |
| Abnormal posturing | 9 | 2 (.22) | 11 | 0 (0) | NS. | |
| Positive anti-JEV IgM | 11 | 7 (.64) | 11 | 6 (.55) | NS. | |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 9 | 12.1 (9.8–13.8) | 10 | 11.8 (8.2–14.3) | NS. | |
| White cell count (WCC)—x109/L | 9 | 10.8 (5.2–25.4) | 11 | 13.9 (4.2–18.9) | NS. | |
| Polymorphs (%) | 9 | 66 (30–85) | 11 | 68 (30–90) | NS. | |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 9 | 31 (12–70) | 11 | 30 (10–70) | NS. | |
| Platelets (x109/L) | 7 | 270 (120–659) | 9 | 200 (88–362) | NS. | |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 11 | 100 (80–160) | 11 | 85 (66–170) | 0.03 | |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 7 | 22.8 (15–35) | 9 | 27.0 (18–58) | NS. | |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 7 | 0.9 (0.4–2.4) | 9 | 1 (0.5–2.2) | NS. | |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) WCC-cells/mm3 | 11 | 35 (0–125) | 11 | 30 (0–300) | NS. | |
| CSF polymorphs (%) | 11 | 10 (0–60) | 11 | 10 (0–95) | NS. | |
| CSF lymphocytes (%) | 11 | 70 (0–100) | 11 | 40 (0–100) | NS. | |
| CSF protein (mg/dl) | 11 | 39 (28–100) | 10 | 27 (7–68) | 0.01 | |
| CSF glucose (mg/dl) | 11 | 70 (48–90) | 10 | 61.5 (45–81) | NS. | |
| CSF/blood glucose ratio | 11 | 62 (50–82) | 10 | 68.5 (46–100) | NS. | |
| Mannitol (given) | 11 | 3 (.27) | 11 | 7 (.64) | NS. | |
| Dexamethasone | 9 | 0 (0) | 11 | 4 (.36) | NS. | |
| Quinine | 11 | 5 (.45) | 11 | 5 (.45) | NS. | |
| Aciclovir | 11 | 1 (.91) | 11 | 2 (.18) | NS. | |
| Chloramphenicol | 11 | 1 (.91) | 11 | 0 (0) | NS. | |
| Cephalosporin | 11 | 10 (.91) | 11 | 10 (.91) | NS. | |
| Phenytoin | 11 | 9 (.82) | 11 | 8 (.73) | NS. | |
| Phenobarbitone | 11 | 3 (.27) | 11 | 2 (.18) | NS. |
Data presented as number of patients (proportion) or median (range). No.—number of patients in the clinical group where data for the parameter was available. P—P value for Fisher’s Exact or Mann Whitney U test between groups.
NS.—not significant.