Table 2.
Factors associated with anaemia in lactating mothers in Ethiopia using pooled data from the EDHS 2005 and 2011
| 2005 |
2011 |
2005–2011 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Not working | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Working | 0.82 (0.66 to 1.00) | 0.83 (0.64 to 1.06) | 0.62 (0.54 to 0.71) | 0.68 (0.58 to 0.78) | 0.64 (0.57 to 0.72) | 0.71 (0.63 to 0.80) |
| Wealth index | ||||||
| Poor | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Middle | 0.71 (0.54 to 0.92) | 0.82 (0.61 to 1.10) | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.89) | 0.85 (0.69 to 1.04) | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.87) | 0.83 (0.71 to 0.98) |
| Rich | 0.66 (0.53 to 0.82) | 0.91 (0.68 to 1.22) | 0.62 (0.52 to 0.72) | 0.80 (0.65 to 0.97) | 0.65 (0.57 to 0.73) | 0.83 (0.70 to 0.98) |
| Family planning use | ||||||
| Never used | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever used | 0.37 (0.11 to 1.28) | 0.51 (0.14 to 1.91) | 0.54 (0.46 to 0.63) | 0.69 (0.58 to 0.82) | 0.48 (0.41 to 0.55) | 0.68 (0.57 to 0.80) |
| ANC attended | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–3 | 0.78 (0.59 to 1.03) | 0.94 (0.66 to 1.33) | 0.78 (0.59 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.2) | 0.81 (0.71 to 0.94) | 0.99 (0.84 to 1.16) |
| 4+ | 0.55 (0.41 to 0.74) | 0.82 (0.53 to 1.28) | 0.55 (0.41 to 0.74) | 0.71 (0.55 to 0.92) | 0.52 (0.44 to 0.61) | 0.73 (0.59 to 0.91) |
| Husband's education | ||||||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Primary | 0.77 (0.61 to 0.96) | 0.77 (0.58 to 1.01) | 0.69 (0.59 to 0.80) | 0.80 (0.67 to 0.94) | 0.69 (0.61 to 0.78) | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.91) |
| Secondary | 0.55 (0.39 to 0.77) | 0.83 (0.50 to 1.38) | 0.64 (0.48 to 0.87) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.14) | 0.62 (0.49 to 0.77) | 0.83 (0.62 to 1.09) |
| Higher | 0.58 (0.26 to 1.30) | 0.50 (0.73 to 3.40) | 0.72 (0.49 to 1.0) | 0.96 (0.61 to 1.52) | 0.64 (0.46 to 0.90) | 0.94 (0.61 to 1.45) |
| Maternal BMI | ||||||
| <18.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 18.5–24.99 | 0.74 (0.59 to 0.92) | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.99) | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.86) | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.93) | 0.76 (0.67 to 0.86) | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.89) |
| 25+ | 1.1 (0.62 to 1.90) | 1.66 (0.79 to 3.48) | 0.82 (0.58 to 1.2) | 1.12 (0.77 to 1.62) | 0.85 (0.64 to 1.12) | 1.21 (0.87 to 1.68) |
| Duration of breastfeeding (years) | ||||||
| 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 | 0.79 (0.64 to 0.99) | 0.79 (0.62 to 1.03) | 0.71 (0.60 to 0.83) | 0.75 (0.63 to 0.88) | 0.75 (0.66 to 0.85) | 0.76 (0.66 to 0.87) |
| 3+ | 0.99 (0.77 to 1.27) | 1.10 (0.82 to 1.49) | 0.71 (0.59 to 0.86) | 0.82 (0.67 to 0.99) | 0.81 (0.70 to 0.94) | 0.89 (0.76 to 1.05) |
| Time laps | ||||||
| 2005 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2011 | 0.65 (0.58 to 0.73) | 0.73 (0.64 to 0.85) | ||||
1.00 is the reference category. ANC, antenatal care; AOR, adjusted OR; BMI, body mass index; COR, crude OR; EDHS, Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.