Table 4:
Blood levels of serum glucose, HbA1Cand lipid profiles at baseline and at the end of the study
| Variables | Probiotic fermented milk(kefir)mean±SD (n=30) | Conventional fermented mean±SD (n=30) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum Glucose (mg/dl) | |||
| Before | 161.63±57.71 | 183.42±74.76 | 0.22 |
| After intervention | 139.22±46.66 a | 182.16±73.78 | 0.01 b |
| HbA1C | |||
| Before | 7.61±1.22 | 6.98±1.63 | 0.12 |
| After intervention | 6.40±1.91 c | 7.00±1.98 | 0.26 d |
| Total Cholestrol(mg/dl) | |||
| Before | 197.86±51.99 | 204.56±42.85 | 0.60 |
| After intervention | 186.07±61.03 e | 195.96±54.85 | 0.52 f |
| TG (mg/dl) | |||
| Before | 179.25±87.84 | 176.67±98.65 | 0.92 |
| After intervention | 170.11±118.66 | 171.76±78.47 | 0.95 |
| LDL-Cholestrol(mg/dl) | |||
| Before | 102.65±30.04 | 102.78±31.56 | 0.92 |
| After intervention | 98.19±39.23 | 92.80±34.43 | 0.74 |
| HDL- Cholestrol(mg/dl) | |||
| Before | 45.36±11.14 | 43.37±13.03 | 0.53 |
| After intervention | 44.00±13.30 | 43.64±11.44 | 0.96 |
a
differences within the group (P=0.05, paired t-test)
b
difference between two groups (P=0.03), adjusting for baseline value according to ANCOVA model
c
difference within group (P=0.001, paired t-test).
d
difference between two groups (P=0.02), adjusting for serum levels of glucose, baseline values of HbA1c and energy intake according to ANCOVA model
e
differences within the group (P=0.07, paired t-test), analysis was performed for 27 patients.
f
difference between two groups (P=0.08). Near to significance. Adjusting for baseline values, energy and fat intake according to ANCOVA model