Table 1. Published studies showing lifespan extension from rapamycin in mice.
| Mouse strain | Rapamycin dosing/delivery | Rapamycin in blood (ng/mL) | Lifespan effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UMHET3 | 14 ppm (∼2.24 mg/kg/day) encapsulated in food beginning at 600 days | 60-70 | Maximum lifespan (90th percentile) increase of 9% and 14% for males and females, respectively. | Harrison et al., 2009 |
| UMHET3 | 14 ppm encapsulated in food beginning at 9 months | NR | Mean lifespan increase of 10% and 18% for males and females, respectively. Maximum lifespan increase of 16% and 13% for males and females, respectively. | Miller et al., 2011 |
| UMHET3 | 4.7 ppm encapsulated in food beginning at 9 months | 7 (females); 6 (males) | Median lifespan increase of 3% and 16% for males and females, respectively. Maximum lifespan increase of 6% and 5% for males and females, respectively. | Miller et al., 2014,Miller et al., 2014 |
| UMHET3 | 14 ppm encapsulated in food beginning at 9 months | 16 (females); 9 (males) | Median lifespan increase of 13% and 21% for males and females, respectively. Maximum lifespan increase of 8% and 11% for males and females, respectively. | Miller et al., 2014,Miller et al., 2014 |
| UMHET3 | 42 ppm encapsulated in food beginning at 9 months | 80 (females);23 (males) | Median lifespan increase of 23% and 26% for males and females, respectively. Maximum lifespan increase of 8% and 11% for males and females, respectively. | Miller et al., 2014,Miller et al., 2014 |
| C57BL/6N | 14 ppm encapsulated in food beginning at 19 months | 3-4 | Increased in females. No percentage given. | Zhang et al., 2014 |
| C57BL/6N | 4 mg/kg i.p. injection every other day for 6 weeks beginning at 20-22 months | NR | 80% survival in treated group compared to 20% survival in controls at 30 months | |
| C57BL/6J | 14 ppm encapsulated in food initiated at 4, 15, or 20-22 months | 4.6 | Increased median lifespan in males; no percentage given; survival study not completed | Neff et al., 2013 |
| 129/Sv | 1.5 mg/kg rapamycin three times per week for two weeks out of every month beginning at 2 months of age | NR | At 800 days 54% of rapamycin treated animals were alive compared to 36% of controls. At 900 days of age 31% rapamycin treated were alive and 10% of controls were alive. | Anisimov et al., 2011 |
NR = not reported.