Table 3.
Adjusted relative risk ratios for changes in susceptibility and smoking status in relation to noticing point‐of sale (PoS) displays, frequency of visiting shops and number of brands recognized.
Among non‐susceptible never smokers at baseline | Among susceptible never smokers at baseline | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RRR of becoming susceptible a | RRR of becoming an ever smoker a | RRR of becoming non‐susceptible b | RRR of becoming an ever smoker b | |||||||||
Estimate | 99% CI | P | Estimate | 99% CI | P | Estimate | 99% CI | P | Estimate | 99% CI | P | |
Noticing point of sale displays | ||||||||||||
Sometimes or less | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Most or every time | 1.74 | 1.13–2.69 | 0.001 | 1.93 | 0.89–4.18 | 0.028 | 2.12 | 0.88–5.11 | 0.028 | 1.31 | 0.53–3.21 | 0.438 |
Frequency of visiting shops | ||||||||||||
Fewer than 2 or 3 times a week | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
At least 2 or 3 times a week | 1.32 | 1.04–1.67 | 0.002 | 1.32 | 0.62–2.79 | 0.341 | 1.17 | 0.65–2.11 | 0.492 | 1.49 | 0.91–2.45 | 0.039 |
Number of brands recognized | ||||||||||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
1–5 | 1.83 | 1.24–2.70 | <0.001 | 1.34 | 0.71–2.55 | 0.237 | 0.91 | 0.31–2.70 | 0.823 | 1.06 | 0.57–1.98 | 0.808 |
More than 5 | 2.16 | 1.68–2.78 | <0.001 | 2.12 | 1.64–2.75 | <0.001 | 0.76 | 0.37–1.53 | 0.311 | 1.65 | 0.88–3.09 | 0.038 |
Combined frequency of visiting and noticing displays | ||||||||||||
Visit <2/3 times per week/notice sometimes or less | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Visit <2/3 times per week/notice most or every time | 2.63 | 1.30–5.30 | <0.001 | 1.90 | 0.35–10.3 | 0.329 | 1.76 | 0.47–6.61 | 0.272 | 0.75 | 0.25–2.24 | 0.500 |
Visit >2/3 times per week/notice sometimes or less | 2.92 | 1.04–5.05 | 0.007 | 1.29 | 0.17–9.89 | 0.746 | 0.82 | 0.10–6.55 | 0.806 | 0.75 | 0.27–2.07 | 0.458 |
Visit >2/3 times per week/notice most or every time | 3.00 | 1.38–6.53 | <0.001 | 2.38 | 0.47–12.1 | 0.170 | 2.00 | 0.46–8.65 | 0.225 | 1.33 | 0.45–3.93 | 0.502 |
Combined frequency of noticing displays and brand recognition | ||||||||||||
Notice sometimes or less/0 brands | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Notice sometimes or less/1–5 brands | 1.97 | 0.82–4.70 | 0.046 | 1.43 | 0.18–11.1 | 0.652 | 0.89 | 0.10–7.68 | 0.892 | 1.00 | 0.28–3.59 | 0.995 |
Notice sometimes or less/6+ brands | 2.32 | 0.70–7.63 | 0.069 | 1.14 | 0.06–23.3 | 0.911 | * | 0.84 | 0.12–5.90 | 0.822 | ||
Notice most or every time/0 brands | 1.74 | 0.69–4.43 | 0.124 | 1.88 | 0.50–7.09 | 0.222 | 3.12 | 0.78–12.4 | 0.034 | 1.11 | 0.40–3.12 | 0.794 |
Notice most or every time/1–5 brands | 2.73 | 1.13–6.61 | 0.003 | 2.16 | 0.61–7.61 | 0.116 | 2.20 | 0.60–8.10 | 0.120 | 1.15 | 0.31–4.35 | 0.781 |
Notice most or every time/6+ brands | 3.23 | 1.45–7.17 | <0.001 | 3.42 | 1.26–9.31 | 0.002 | 1.82 | 0.55–5.99 | 0.197 | 1.86 | 0.59–5.81 | 0.163 |
Adjusted for age, sex, parental smoking, friend smoking, self‐perceived academic performance and rebelliousness;
adjusted for age, sex and parental smoking;
could not estimate due to small numbers. RRR = relative risk ratio; CI = confidence interval.