Table 4.

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between cancer subtypes diagnosed between 1993 and 2012 and chronic depression in 1992 and 1994.

Chronic depression (ref: everybody else)	Number of cancer morbidity at follow-up	Number with chronic depression	Chronic depression
			Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Men
Total cancer	45,516	1510	1.03 (0.98–1.08)	1.12 (1.06–1.18)	1.07 (1.02–1.13)	1.07 (1.02–1.13)	1.08 (1.02–1.14)
Prostate cancer (C61)	3499	99	0.87 (0.71–1.06)	1.00 (0.82–1.22)	1.05 (0.86–1.28)	1.05 (0.86–1.28)	1.05 (0.85–1.30)
Women
Total cancer	6980	296	0.94 (0.84–1.06)	0.92 (0.82–1.04)	0.93 (0.82–1.04)	0.93 (0.82–1.04)	0.91 (0.80–1.03)
Breast cancer(C50)	1976	87	0.98 (0.79–1.21)	0.97 (0.78–1.21)	0.97 (0.79–1.21)	0.97 (0.78–1.21)	0.96 (0.76–1.21)
Cervical cancer(C53)	529	13	0.53 (0.31–0.93)	0.52 (0.30–0.91)	0.52 (0.30–0.91)	0.52 (0.30–0.91)	0.51 (0.28–0.93)
Endometrial cancer   (C54)	181	6	0.73 (0.32–1.65)	0.71 (0.32–1.61)	0.74 (0.33–1.68)	0.74 (0.33–1.68)	0.81 (0.36–1.84)
Ovarian cancer (C56)	269	11	0.91 (0.50–1.66)	0.88 (0.48–1.62)	0.88 (0.48–1.61)	0.88 (0.48–1.61)	0.91 (0.48–1.72)

^aChronic major depression=major depression in 1992 and major depression in 1994, among those who were interviewed at both waves.

Model 1: adjusted for age, marital status, SES (demographics).

Model 2: adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol drinking, exercise, BMI (demographics+health behaviors).

Model 3: adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol drinking, exercise, BMI, cholesterol, blood sugar, hypertension (demos+health behaviors+biological indicators of subclinical illness).

Model 4: adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol drinking, exercise, BMI, cholesterol, blood sugar, hypertension, and cancer family history (demos+health behaviors+biological indicators of subclinical illness + genetic liability).