Table 5.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Associations Between Prehospital Vitamin D Status and HACDI in Patients With Confirmed Toxin A or B in Stool Samples Relative to All Hospitalized Patients (n = 5047).

	Prehospital 25(OH)D
Association	<10 ng/mL	10–19.9 ng/mL	20–29.9 ng/mL	≥30 ng/mL
Unadjusted
OR (95% CI)	4.94 (1.85–13.22)	3.11 (1.19–8.15)	2.20 (0/79–6.12)	1.00 (Reference)
P value	.001	<.0001	.13
Adjusted
OR (95% CI)	4.96 (1.84–13.38)	3.36 (1.28–8.85)	2.30 (0.82–6.42)	1.00 (Reference)
P value	.002	.01	.11

CI, confidence interval; HACDI, hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection; OR, odds ratio; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Unadjusted associations between 25(OH)D groups and HACDI were estimated by bivariable logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated by multivariable logistic regression models with inclusion of covariate terms thought to plausibly associate with both 25(OH)D concentrations and HACDI. Estimates adjusted for age, sex, race (nonwhite vs white), patient type (medical vs surgical), and Deyo-Charlson index. Patients with HACDI were analyzed relative to all patients with either negative C difficile infections or those without stool samples analyzed for C difficile.