Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study sample (n = 47)
| Measure | Mean (standard deviation) or % |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 71.3 (7.5) |
| Women, % | 60 |
| Black, % | 28 |
| High school education or higher,% | 79 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.9 (5.8) |
| Blood pressure and heart rate sitting | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 151.9 (15.3) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82.6 (8.4) |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 65.2 (9.7) |
| Cognitive function | |
| Trail Making Test, part A (seconds to complete) | 38.3 (14.7) |
| Trail Making Test, part B (seconds to complete) | 102.1 (45.4) |
| Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, delayed recall | 7.9 (2.9) |
| Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, recognition | 22.6 (1.6) |
| Medical diagnosis | |
| Coronary heart disease, % | 46 |
| Past cancer, % | 19 |
| Osteoarthritis, % | 34 |
| Prestudy antihypertensive class | |
| Diuretics,% | 23 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, % | 38 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers, % | 13 |
| Calcium channel blockers, % | 11 |
| Beta blockers, % | 29 |
| Laboratory | |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 0.9 (0.3) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate,* (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 79.97 (18.43) |
| Serum sodium, mEq/l | 138.6 (2.9) |
| Serum potassium, mEq/ | 4.5 (0.4) |
| Plasma renin activity, ng/ml*hour | 2.8 (7.1) |
| Aldosterone, ng/dl | 6.8 (4.0) |
| Cerebral hemodynamics | |
| Sit-to-stand delta cerebrovascular resistance, mm Hg/cm/sec | −0.37 (0.61) |
| Blood flow velocity, cm/sec | 28.96 (7.37) |
| CO2 vasoreactivity, cm/sec/mm Hg per mm Hg PCO2 | 0.005 (0.003) |
*Using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation.