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. 2015 Apr 6;2015:365014. doi: 10.1155/2015/365014

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of Ti surface topography with or without 1α,25(OH)2D3 on osteoblast differentiation of rat calvarial osteoblasts. Male and female calvarial osteoblasts were cultured on TCPS or Ti disks. At confluence, cells were treated for 24 hours with 10−8 M 1α,25(OH)2D3. Cell number (a), alkaline phosphatase specific activity (b), and osteocalcin levels (c) were measured. Data are displayed as treatment/control of cells on Ti surfaces to cells on TCPS. * P < 0.05 versus TCPS; $ P < 0.05 versus A surface; & P < 0.05 versus GB; • P < 0.05, female versus male; # P < 0.05  versus 0 M 1α,25(OH)2D3.