Table 1.
Anthropometric, biochemical, and immunological characteristics of the study subjects.
| Control subjects n = 10 |
MO n = 13 |
MO+OSA n = 29 |
Control versus MO | Control versus MO+OSA | MO versus MO+OSA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male proportion (%) | 8 (80) | 2 (15) | 4 (13) | 0.0018 | 0.0002 | >0.9 |
| Age (years) | 43.4 ± 11.5 | 33.5 ± 10.9 | 37.2 ± 11.4 | 0.09 | 0.3 | >0.9 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 2.1 | 45.4 ± 8.2 | 45.2 ± 8.4 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | >0.9 |
| Abdominal circumference (cm) | 84.3 ± 6.7 | 129.9 ± 21.9 | 124.2 ± 16.4 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | >0.9 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 6.87 ± 0.27 | 6.7 ± 0.57 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.8 |
| Fasting blood insulin (mU/L) | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 17.4 ± 5.1 | 22.9 ± 5.6 | 0.16 | <0.0001 | 0.0052 |
| HOMA-IR | 3 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 1.6 | 6.9 ± 1.8 | 0.0042 | <0.0001 | 0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 192.3 ± 36.1 | 198.8 ± 29 | 201.6 ± 46.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Total triglyceride (mg/dL) | 121.8 ± 37.4 | 215.8 ± 59.1 | 227.3 ± 62.8 | 0.0008 | <0.0001 | 0.8 |
| IL-12 (pg/mL) | 217.4 ± 43 | 394 ± 64.7 | 405.3 ± 57.4 | 0.0002 | <0.0001 | 0.9 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 270.2 ± 31.7 | 306.9 ± 38.9 | 337.9 ± 67.8 | 0.12 | 0.0031 | 0.8 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 113.2 ± 12.10 | 97.2 ± 10.9 | 74.40 ± 17.0 | 0.36 | <0.0001 | 0.0012 |
HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL, interleukin; NS, nonsignificant differences. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05.